Mitochondrial and plastid heredity

MutS HOMOLOG1 Stabilizes Plastid and Mitochondrial Genomes.

The maintenance of plastid and mitochondrial genomes is vital to the health of those organelles and to the plant in general but has been much less studied than that of bacterial and nuclear genomes. Recent progress has identified some of the proteins involved in organelle genome maintenance, including MutS HOMOLOG1 (MSH1), so-named because of its relationship to the bacterial DNA recombination ...

Pervasive Transcription of Mitochondrial, Plastid, and Nucleomorph Genomes across Diverse Plastid-Bearing Species

Organelle genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in content, structure, and size, and in their modes of gene expression, which are governed by both organelle- and nuclear-encoded machinery. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has generated unprecedented amounts of genomic and transcriptomic data, which can be used to investigate organelle genome transcription. However, most of the available eukaryot...

Interaction between plastid and mitochondrial retrograde signalling pathways during changes to plastid redox status.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts depend upon each other; photosynthesis provides substrates for mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial metabolism is essential for sustaining photosynthetic carbon assimilation. In addition, mitochondrial respiration protects photosynthesis against photoinhibition by dissipating excess redox equivalents from the chloroplasts. Genetic defects in mitochondrial fu...

Marriage and Heredity

Mydriasis and heredity.

Routine ophthalmoscopy and fundoscopy of 673 individuals revealed 42 whose irides failed to dilate to a clinically useful degree within 25 to 30 min after the administration of drops of 1% mydracil. These individuals occurred with different frequency among the Aymara, Mestizo, and non-Aymara groups which made up the sample of examinees. The phenomenon was most common among the Aymara, less comm...